1. Keep the background clear- not messy, no eyesore, when people look at the photo, they will straight away focus on the subject.
2. Lighting- using light to bring out the subject, which the subject is brighter than the background or other object in the photo. this is very useful method!
subject is brighter than background
subject is brighter than another object which cameraman don't wan to describe.
3. Depth of field- also called as depth of focus, which is the area in a photo that is clear under focus point. Photo talk thousand of words, lets see photo below:
deeper depth of focus (focus point is on the lamp of black car)
shallow depth of focus (focus point is on the lamp of black car)
this method is to blur out other object(or messy background) that the cameraman don't want to describe, to bring out the subject. To create narrow depth of focus, there is several method. First is to open bigger aperture if your camera able to manually adjust aperture. Second is zoom to the far end of your camera lens to capture the subject. Third, choose an angle that your subject and other object is not parallel, either it is in front or back (not side by side).
e.g:
Lastly, where to "put" your subject in the photo? Normally people tend to place the subject in the center of photo. There is a rule, called Rule of Third suggest that you can place your subject in the one third area of the photo, rather than just center.
imaginary divided your photo into 3 equal area, either horizontal or vertical. See photo below:
However, rule of third suggest to place subject in one third area rather than just center, but doesn't mean you must follow this rule all the time, there is no fixed rule in art. =)
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